ㄷ 불규칙

Verb Endings 2

In ㄷ-irregular verbs the batchim ㄷ changes to ㄹ before a vowel ending: 듣다 becomes 들어요, not 듣어요.

Verb Endings — Dictionary form, stems, 해요체 and the irregular verbs.

Lesson

ㄷ becomes ㄹ before a vowel

When a ㄷ-irregular stem meets an 아/어 ending, the ㄷ moves to ㄹ: 듣 + 어요 -> 들어요, 걷 + 어요 -> 걸어요, 묻 + 어요 -> 물어요.

जब ㄷ असमान तना 아/어 अंत से मिलता है, तो ㄷ, ㄹ में बदल जाता है: 듣 + 어요 -> 들어요, 걷 + 어요 -> 걸어요, 묻 + 어요 -> 물어요।

The ㄷ turns into a ㄹ batchim

듣다 -> 들어요. 묻다 -> 물어요. 싣다 -> 실어요. 깨닫다 -> 깨달아요. The change happens only before a vowel; before a consonant the ㄷ stays.

듣다 -> 들어요। 묻다 -> 물어요। 싣다 -> 실어요। 깨닫다 -> 깨달아요। यह परिवर्तन केवल स्वर से पहले होता है; व्यंजन से पहले ㄷ वैसा ही रहता है।

ㄷ irregular in sentences

음악을 들어요 (I listen to music). 매일 아침에 걸어요 (I walk every morning). 선생님께 물어요 (I ask the teacher).

음악을 들어요 (मैं संगीत सुनता हूँ)। 매일 아침에 걸어요 (मैं रोज़ सुबह चलता हूँ)। 선생님께 물어요 (मैं शिक्षक से पूछता हूँ)।

Regular ㄷ look-alikes

받다, 믿다, 닫다 and 얻다 keep their ㄷ: 받다 -> 받아요, 믿다 -> 믿어요. They look like 듣다 but behave in the regular way.

받다, 믿다, 닫다 और 얻다 अपना ㄷ बनाए रखते हैं: 받다 -> 받아요, 믿다 -> 믿어요। वे 듣다 जैसे दिखते हैं पर सामान्य नियम से चलते हैं।

Making 받다 irregular

Learners copy 듣다 -> 들어요 and write 받다 -> 발아요. 받다 is regular: 받 + 아요 = 받아요. Only a small list of verbs changes ㄷ to ㄹ.

शिक्षार्थी 듣다 -> 들어요 देखकर 받다 -> 발아요 लिख देते हैं। 받다 सामान्य है: 받 + 아요 = 받아요। केवल कुछ क्रियाएँ ही ㄷ को ㄹ बनाती हैं।

Learn 듣다, 걷다, 묻다 as a set

The three ㄷ irregulars a beginner needs are 듣다 (listen), 걷다 (walk) and 묻다 (ask). Learn each with its 해요 form 들어요, 걸어요, 물어요.

शुरुआती के लिए आवश्यक तीन ㄷ असमान क्रियाएँ हैं 듣다 (सुनना), 걷다 (चलना) और 묻다 (पूछना)। हर एक को 해요 रूप 들어요, 걸어요, 물어요 के साथ सीखिए।

Practice questions

Q1. 다음 중 ㄷ 불규칙이 아닌 것은?

इनमें कौन ㄷ असमान नहीं है?

Answer: 받다

💡 받다는 규칙 동사라서 받아요가 돼요. 듣다, 걷다, 묻다는 ㄷ 불규칙이에요.

Q2. 묻다의 해요체 현재형은?

묻다 का विनम्र वर्तमान रूप क्या है?

Answer: 물어요

💡 묻의 ㄷ이 ㄹ로 바뀌어 물어요가 돼요.

Q3. 걷다의 해요체 현재형은?

걷다 का विनम्र वर्तमान रूप क्या है?

Answer: 걸어요

💡 걷의 ㄷ이 ㄹ로 바뀌어 걸어요가 돼요.

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Related topics — Verb Endings


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