모음 소리

Hangul & Pronunciation 1

Hangul has ten basic vowels. Their direction of writing tells you where the sound is made, and three pairs that English spelling hides must be kept apart.

Hangul & Pronunciation — Jamo, syllable blocks, batchim and the basic sound changes.

Lesson

Ten basic vowels

The ten basic vowels are ㅏ ㅑ ㅓ ㅕ ㅗ ㅛ ㅜ ㅠ ㅡ ㅣ. The two dots or short strokes show whether the vowel faces right, left, up or down, and that direction changes the sound.

दस मूल स्वर हैं: ㅏ ㅑ ㅓ ㅕ ㅗ ㅛ ㅜ ㅠ ㅡ ㅣ। दो बिंदु या छोटी रेखाएँ बताती हैं कि स्वर दाएँ, बाएँ, ऊपर या नीचे की ओर है, और दिशा ध्वनि बदल देती है।

How each vowel sounds

ㅏ is a, ㅑ is ya, ㅓ is eo, ㅕ is yeo, ㅗ is o, ㅛ is yo, ㅜ is u, ㅠ is yu, ㅡ is eu, ㅣ is i. The spelling eo is one sound: an unrounded vowel similar to the a in "about".

ㅏ = a, ㅑ = ya, ㅓ = eo, ㅕ = yeo, ㅗ = o, ㅛ = yo, ㅜ = u, ㅠ = yu, ㅡ = eu, ㅣ = i। लेखन eo एक ही ध्वनि है: बिना होंठ गोल किए बोला जाने वाला स्वर, जो "अ" के निकट है।

Hear the first vowel of each word

아이 (child), 어머니 (mother), 오이 (cucumber), 우유 (milk), 이름 (name), 가수 (singer). Read only the first vowel of each word: ㅏ, ㅓ, ㅗ, ㅜ, ㅣ, ㅏ.

아이 (बच्चा), 어머니 (माँ), 오이 (खीरा), 우유 (दूध), 이름 (नाम), 가수 (गायक)। हर शब्द का केवल पहला स्वर पढ़ें: ㅏ, ㅓ, ㅗ, ㅜ, ㅣ, ㅏ।

Flattening ㅓ and ㅡ

Hindi speakers often read ㅓ as a plain a and ㅡ as u. ㅓ is an unrounded back vowel and ㅡ is made with spread lips; neither matches a Hindi letter exactly. Keep ㅗ and ㅜ clearly rounded.

हिंदी बोलने वाले प्रायः ㅓ को साधारण अ और ㅡ को उ पढ़ते हैं। ㅓ बिना होंठ गोल किए पीछे की ओर बोला जाने वाला स्वर है और ㅡ फैले होंठों से बनता है; इनमें से कोई भी हिंदी अक्षर से ठीक नहीं मिलता। ㅗ और ㅜ में होंठ स्पष्ट रूप से गोल रखें।

Watch the lips, not the spelling

Practise minimal pairs such as 오이 (cucumber) and 우유 (milk). Say them slowly while watching your lips: ㅗ and ㅜ are rounded, ㅓ and ㅡ are not.

오이 (खीरा) और 우유 (दूध) जैसे न्यूनतम युग्मों का अभ्यास करें। इन्हें धीरे बोलें और होंठ देखें: ㅗ और ㅜ गोल होते हैं, ㅓ और ㅡ नहीं।

What TOPIK I listening asks

TOPIK I listening tests these vowels in short words. A single wrong vowel turns 오이 into 아이, so listen for lip rounding rather than trying to match the spelling.

TOPIK I की श्रवण परीक्षा इन स्वरों को छोटे शब्दों में जाँचती है। एक गलत स्वर 오이 को 아이 बना देता है, इसलिए वर्तनी मिलाने के बजाय होंठों की गोलाई सुनें।

Practice questions

Q1. 다음 중 ㅕ가 들어 있는 단어는?

इनमें से किस शब्द में ㅕ है?

Answer: 여자

💡 여자의 첫 음절 여에는 ㅕ가 들어 있어요.

Q2. ㅡ의 로마자 표기는 ___예요.

ㅡ का रोमन लेखन ___ है।

Answer: eu

💡 ㅡ는 입술을 옆으로 펴고 "eu"로 읽어요.

Q3. ㅗ는 세로로 쓰는 모음이에요.

ㅗ ऊर्ध्वाधर लिखा जाने वाला स्वर है।

Answer: 틀려요

💡 ㅗ는 가로로 쓰는 모음이에요. 고, 노처럼 자음 아래에 놓여요.

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